http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/40393 2013-05-20T06:16:36Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/45002 Title: Economic vulnerability and possible adaptation to coastal erosion in San Fernando City, Philippines Authors: Bayani, Jaimie Kim E.; Dorado, Moises A.; Dorado, Rowena A. Abstract: This EEPSEA study from the Philippines investigates erosion in one of the country’s more developed coastal regions. It finds that this coastline is vulnerable to the impact of erosion and that, if nothing is done, the problem will cause hundreds of millions of Php worth of damage. It also finds that a planned protection strategy is the most rational approach to adopt. Such a strategy is socially and politically acceptable, justifiable from an economic perspective and also preserves the area’s beaches along with the social services they provide. This study, which is the work of a research team from the Department of Economics, at the University of the Philippines Los Baños, assesses the coastline of San Fernando Bay in the La Union region of the Philippines. It looks at approximately seven kilometers of the bay’s coastline. San Fernando Bay is a densely populated area and it was chosen because it was identified as a place where coastal erosion is already prevalent. Sea-level rise is a major concern across the Philippines and beyond. Its scale and impact are both expected to become more widespread due to climate change and sea level rise. This makes the findings of this report particularly important and timely. Description: Co-published by IDRC 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/45001 Title: Impacts of coal mining on the economy and environment of South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Authors: Fatah, Luthfi Abstract: This study investigates the impact of coal mining on the economy and environment of South Kalimantan Province, one of the most important coal producing regions in Indonesia. It uses a Social Accounting matrix to assess how the industry affects the province’s economy and the livelihoods of its people. It also investigates what policy options will best reduce its negative environmental impacts at least cost to the province’s economy. The study, by Luthfi Fatah of Lambung Mangkurat University, finds that mining is one of the most significant parts of the province’s economy and that it is steadily growing in importance. However, it also shows that the industry disproportionately benefits the better-off sectors of society and is having an unacceptable impact on the environment. Fatah recommends that policy makers slow the growth in coal mining through regulation of small-scale mining. This should help the environment. He also suggests that the government boost investment in agricultural –based activities to improve the employment prospects of the poorer sectors of society. Description: Co-published by IDRC 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/44998 Title: Implementation and financing of solid waste management in the Philippines Authors: Sumalde, Zenaida M. Abstract: This report looks at the implementation and financing of solid waste management in the Philippines. It assesses how much it costs forty-one local government units (LGUs) around the country to provide solid waste management services. It also looks at how much revenue these LGUs, and other private waste contractors and operatives, get from supplying these services. The research was carried out in response to a growing solid waste management crisis in the Philippines and legislation that requires LGUs to change their practices. Its main aim was to get information to help LGUs properly finance and implement the government’s latest waste management policies and law. The report finds that there is generally a substantial “fiscal gap” between the amount of money needed for waste management and the amount of revenue obtained by LGUs from providing waste management services. However, when the total economic benefits of providing these services were considered (these included the revenues obtained by LGUs, earnings made by other parties and savings from avoided landfill costs), it was found that some LGUs enjoyed positive net benefits. If LGUs could exploit as many potential revenue streams as possible, they could narrow their SWM fiscal gap or even go ‘into the black’. The study highlights a number of possible strategies that could be used to improve the financing of solid waste management. These included finding alternatives to expensive private contractors and looking into recycling as a revenue-generating activity. Description: Co-published by IDRC 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/44997 Title: Distribution of benefits and costs among stakeholders of a protected area : an empirical study from China Authors: Yazhen Gong Abstract: This report provides information on the impact of a new conservation regime in the Fanjingshan National Reserve (FNNR) in Guizhou Province, China. It calculates the economic and social effects that this regime will have on the livelihoods of people living inside the reserve. It shows that, if local people are not compensated for lost incomes, the new plans will increase conflict between locals and the reserve management. To find a way to pay compensation, the study investigated whether people living in the province around the reserve would be willing to pay for conservation in the FNNR through an eco-tax. These people benefit from conservation in the reserve, but at present pay nothing towards it. The report finds that they would be willing to pay and that the amount that could be collected would more than cover of compensating those affected inside the protected area. Description: Co-published by IDRC 2004-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/43091 Title: Forest dependence and household welfare : empirical evidence from Kenya Authors: Kabubo-Mariara, Jane; Gachoki, Charles Abstract: This paper explores the role of forest in household welfare in Kenya. The paper uses primary household level data collected from Nakuru district in November and December 2006. The household level data is supplemented by a community survey to gather community level information on market access among other factors. Both descriptive and econometric methods are used to explore the correlates of participation in forest activities and also in forest collective action. The paper also analyses the contribution of forests to income distribution in the study sample using the Lorenz curve approach. The paper further explores resource extraction and the economic reliance of households on forests. The results suggest that forests play an important role as safety nets that cushion households during periods of hardship. The results also suggest that forests play an important role as a gap-filler and as a source of regular subsistence use and also an important role in poverty reduction. The econometric results point at the role of household heterogeneity in terms of willingness to participate in forest collective action and private resource endowments in influencing economic reliance on forests. The results further suggest that both the poor and the less poor derive a substantive share of incomes from forest activities and that forests are not necessarily poverty traps for rural households. Forest policies need to take into account tradeoffs between forest extraction and forest degradation and also consider targeting of households in forest use and management depending on household heterogeneities in both current and permanent incomes. 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z