http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/38965 2013-05-24T14:52:09Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/49339 Title: Working Paper Series 2008-03: TNC FDI Firms and Domestic SME Linkages Reflecting on three SADC Case Studies Authors: Robbins, Glen; Lebani, Likani; Rogan, Mike Description: Reflecting on three SADC case studies 2008-09-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/46815 Title: Research, policy engagement and practice : reflections on efforts to mainstream children into Ethiopia's second national poverty reduction strategy Authors: Jones, Nicola; Tefera, Bekele; Woldehanna, Tassew Abstract: Working Paper 21 examines efforts to bridge multi-disciplinary research, policy engagement and practice in order to help improve children’s life quality in diverse developing country contexts. This paper highlights the importance of mapping the policy context and of re-conceptualising policy making as a non-linear dynamic process, involving multiple actors with varying perspectives. Attempts by Young Lives Ethiopia to mainstream child-sensitive policies into the second Ethiopian Poverty Reduction Strategy process are examined in detail, and are assessed against five criteria identified in the relevant literature... 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/46814 Title: Mainstreaming children into national poverty strategies : a child-focused analysis of the Ethiopian sustainable development and poverty reduction program (2002-05) Authors: Gutema, Berhanu; Jones, Nicola; Tefera, Bekele; Woldehanna, Tassew Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to assess how the needs of children are incorporated into Ethiopia’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)—known as the Ethiopian Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction Programme 2002-2005 (SDRDP) —and to develop policy recommendations for the second PRSP based on a comparative content analysis with other countries’ PRSPs. The paper begins by identifying the key ingredients of a child-centred PRSP, including: consideration of childhood poverty in the document’s poverty analysis; spaces for consultation with children; child-specific policies and programmes as well as child-sensitive macro-development policies; institutionalized mechanisms to coordinate these policy approaches and the inclusion of child-related progress indicators. The second section uses a content analysis methodology to consider the extent to which the Ethiopian PRSP is pro-poor and pro-child and contrasts this to more child-sensitive approaches in other PRSPs. The paper then analyses the SDPRP’s policies, programmes and indicators using a rights-based framework. It assesses the extent to which both the direct (child-specific policy commitments) and indirect (macro-development) policies are in keeping with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) principles of child survival, development, protection, equal treatment and participation. The paper concludes by drawing on the best practices of PRSPs in other countries and outlining how a child-focused PRSP could more effectively address the multi-dimensionality of childhood poverty in Ethiopia. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/46813 Title: Tackling child malnutrition in Ethiopia : do the sustainable development poverty reduction programme's underlying policy assumptions reflect local realities? Authors: Mekonnen, Alemu; Jones, Nicola; Tefera, Bekele Abstract: This paper emphasises that malnutrition cannot be tackled without understanding its causes. Child malnutrition remains a major public health problem in Ethiopia, yet the government has no specific nutrition policy. Levels of wasting (acute malnutrition) and stunting (chronic malnutrition) in children aged six to fifty-nine months are among the world’s highest. As long as so many children remain malnourished, Ethiopia will not achieve the first Millennium Development Goal – eradication of extreme poverty and hunger. Drawing on a sample of 1,999 one-year-olds from twenty sentinel sites, the Young Lives Project has sought to better understand the child, household, community and policy level determinants of malnutrition and the ways in which they differ across different regions of Ethiopia. The paper quantifies the impact of poverty, healthcare and caring practices and challenges the World Bank belief that investment in growth monitoring to promote change in caregivers’ behaviour will, by itself, significantly improve nutritional status. Coverage of health services may have expanded, but limited and costly services discourage users. Healthcare choices primarily depend not on proximity to health facilities but lack of quality services. Respondents complained about inadequate equipment, poorly trained and/or insensitive medical staff and expensive medication... 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca:80/dspace/handle/10625/46812 Title: Child labour, gender inequality and rural/urban disparities : how can Ethiopia's national development strategies be revised to address negative spill-over impacts on child education and wellbeing? Authors: Woldehanna, Tassew; Jones, Nicola; Tefera, Bekele; Bayrau, Alebel Abstract: The Ethiopian Government has emphasised the intensification of agricultural activities in order to increase livelihood options and provide better safety nets for the poor (e.g. through food or cash‑for‑work programmes). Drawing on a sample of 1999 households with at least one child aged 6 to 17 months in 2002, and from additional household data collected from 3115 children aged 7 to 17 years from twenty sentinel sites, the Young Lives Project sought to understand the impact on child labour and child schooling of public policy interventions formulated within the PRSP, and how changes are mediated through gender and rural‑urban differences. These were the key findings: children were commonly involved in fetching water, firewood and dung both for household use and sale, although they were more likely to attend school when there was adequate household labour. School attendance was significantly lower in rural than in urban sites, while dropout rates were dramatically higher in rural areas. Maternal education levels significantly decreased the likelihood of children combining work and school. Increased land and livestock ownership led to a greater demand for child labour and reduced school enrolment. The involvement of households in more diversified activities increased the demand for labour which is frequently met by children, particularly boys, with girls commonly substituting for their mothers... 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z